Fuel economizer and smoke exterminator



- Jun 'IU 1924; I 1,497,636

w. PETERSEN FUEL ECONOMIZER AND SMUKE EXTERMINATOR Filed Jan. 31 1922 2 Sheets-$heet 1 INVENTOR ATTORN EY June 10 1924.

1,497,636 w. PETERSEN FUEL ECONOMIZER AND SMOKE EXTERMINATOR Filed Jan. 31 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 t .NVENTOR ATTORNEY Patented June 1t), 1924.

UNITED STATES IAFLGBE PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM PETERSEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGN'QR OF ONE-HALF TO MELVIN J. SMITH, 0F CALDWELL, TEXAS, AND ONE-FOURTH T0 LEWIS P. THRELKELD, 015

DETROIT, Iv'IICI-IIGAN.

FUEL ECONOMIZER AND SMOKE EXTERMINATGR.

Application filed January 31, 1922.

T0 aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM Pn'rnnsnN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Tmprovements in Fuel Economizers and Smoke Exterminators, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a fuel economizer and smoke exterminator designed for attachment with boilers of the stationary, marine or portable type, and an object of the invention is to provide a device which may be attached to any boilers as above specified and whicli will utilize the maximum quantity of the combustible ingredients of the fuel employed thereby permitting the obtaining of maximum steam, power or heat upon the using of a minimum quantity of fuel. I V

Another object of this invention is to provide a fuel economizer and smoke exterminator or consumer as specified which utilizes pro-heated air under pressure, passing the said air in a fiat stream over the grates and the fire from the combustionchamber at the back of the boiler for retarding the passage of the products of combustion into the combustion chamber and Smokestack holding them over the fire and mixing therewith fresh pre-heated air, whichcombined actions will cause the burning or utilizing'of sub-. stantially all of the combustible ingredients of the fuel and gases and materially decrease if not eliminate the smoke passing out wardly through thestaokl.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device as specified which may be utilized for providing a forced draught for the boiler or furnace with which it is associated, providing a plurality of valved openings beneath the grate through which the pre-heated air under pressure may pass. for creating a forced draught through the boiler or furnace, the quantity of air used for this purpose being regulated'by operation of the valves controlling said openings.

Other objects of the invention will appear in the following detailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein:

Fig.1 is a front elevation'of a boiler showing the improved fuel economizer and smoke consumer attached.

Serial No. 533,032.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. Sis a fragmentary longitudinal section through the boiler showing it equipped with the improved fuel economizer and smoke consumer.

Fig. 4 is a detail cross section taken on the line 4& of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary longitudinal section through one of the air supply pipes.

Fig. 6 is a cross section on the line 6:6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a detail section taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 3.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the improved fuel economizer and smoke consumer or exterminator is illustrated in the drawings as applied to a marine type of boiler A, however, it is to be understood that it may be applied to any analogous type boiler without departing from the spirit of this invention. The boiler A comprises the usual grate B on which the fire is built, and one of which is enclosed in each of the fire boxes C three of which are provided in the type of boiler construction illustrated in the drawings. Air conducting pipes 1 extend through the fire boxes 0 beneath the respective grates B and these pipes are connected to a supply pipe 2 by means of the branch pipes 3 which are positioned exteriorly of the boiler structure A. The passage of air through each of the pipes may be independently controlled by means ofthe valves 4i associated therewith or the quantity of air supplied to all of the pipes from the blower fan 5 may be controlled by the single valve 6 positioned in the supply pipe 2 adjacent the blower. It is to be understood that the blower fan 5 may be of any approved construct-ion and operated in any approved manner such as by an electric Y out at their lower sides as shown at 11 to cause the .air issuing from the nozzles to center the fire boxes above the grates in flat fan like streams for spreading over the grate and admixing with the products of combustion within the fire boxes and the action of the air entering at the fire box at its outletend under pressure will also have a tendency to retard the passage of gases, smoke, etc., into the chamber E, mixing the air with these gases and products of combustion for causing their complete combustion,

7 thereby permitting the utilizing of the maximum heating energy of the fuel employed and at the same time reducing the amount of smoke passing through the boiler structure to the stack F to a minimum.

Retarding action of the smoke and products of combustion is further obtained by means of the passage of live steam into the front ends of the fire box through the nozzles 12 which discharge through openings 13 into the respective fire boxes and which nozzles are connected in series by a plurality of pipes 14 which in turn have connection through the medium of branch pipes 15 with the pipes 16. The pipes 16 communicate with the steam dome G of the boiler structure and permit the supplying of live steam to the nozzles 12 and also to the substantially U shaped lengths of pipes 17 which extend longitudinally through the pipes 1 for the purpose of heating the air passing through the pipes 1, prior to its entrance into the fire box C. The substantially- U, shaped lengths of pipes 17 are all connected in series as clearly shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings by suitable connecting pipes 18, and the pipe 18'farthest from the pipe 16 may have communication through branch pipes 19 with the adjacent nozzles 12 to permit exhausting of the steam from the pipe lines so as to permit arresting of the steam circulation through equalization of pressure in the pipes.

' 'The pipes 1 are provided with a plurality of longitudinally spaced openings 20 which are located directly beneath the grate B to permit air to passout of the pipes 1 for creating. a forced draught through the fire box if desired. Rods 21 are slidably supported within the pipes 1 by suitable guides 22 andr they projectout of the forward ends of the pipes and have handles 23 thereon by means of which the rods 21 may be moved longitudinally for moving the sliding valves or closures 24 to regulate the openings 20 and consequently regulate the quantity of air issuing through these openings.

By flattening the nozzles 9 as they extend through the openings 10, the openings will not be obstructed to such an extent as to prevent a mans crawling therethrough for stopping leaks in any of the fiues H of the boiler, should the necessity arise for this work, and the joint8 is such,thatthc nozzles may be rotated thereon, if necessary to move them to one side to further prevent obstruction of the openings 10.

From the foregoing description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings it will be apparent that by use of the improved fuel .economizer or saver and smoke consumer structure heretofore described, in connection with any approved type of boiler, a material savings in the cost of the fuel used will be provided as well as the reduction in the smoke or waste products passing out of the stack, and furthermore it has been found that the use of the device will cause the fuel to burn more evenly and completely, thereby reducing the ashes or ash waste; and while in the drawings the device is shown applied to a marine boiler, it is to be understood that it may be applied with equal cfiec' tiveness to a boiler or furnace used for heat ing purposes, stationary boiler or analogous structure if desired.

It is, of course, to be understood that the invention may be constructed in other manners and the parts associated in other relations and, therefore, I do not desire to be limited in any manner except as set forth in the claims hereunto appended.

Having thus described my invention what I claim is:

1. The combination with a boiler structure including a fire box and grate, of an air pipe extending beneath said grate and opening out into said fire box at the outlet end thereof, means for supplying air under pressure to said pipes, additional means for regulating the supply of air under pressure to all of said pipes simultaneously, said pipe provided with a plurality of openings adapted to permit the passage of air therethrough to act as a forced draught through said grate, sliding valves for controlling the active size of said openings, and means for pre -heating air prior to its exit from the pipe into the fire box.

2. The combination with a boiler comprising a fire box and a grate therein, of a plurality of air pipes extending beneath said grate nozzles attached to the outlet ends of said pipes and opening out into the tire box at its outlet end, said nozzles having their outlet ends flared and flattened to cause the air to issue in flat fan like streams, in oans for supplying air to said pipes under pres sure, relatively small pipes extending longitudinally in said air pipes and having connection with a steam supply source to permit heating of the air during its passage through the pipes and prior to its entrance into the the box,said air pipes provided with a plurality of openings at longitudinally spaced points, adapted to discharge air upwardly through said grate, and sliding valves for controlling said openings.

lit)

3. The combination with. a boiler comprising a fire box and a grate therein, of a plurality of air pipes extending beneath said grate nozzles attached to the outlet ends of said pipes and opening out into the fire box at its outlet end, said nozzles having their outlet ends flared and flattened to cause the air to issue in flat fan like streams, means for supplying air to said pipes under pressure, relatively small pipes extending longitudinally in said air pipes and having connection with a steam supply source to permit heating of the air during its passage through the pipes and prior to its entrance into the: fire box, and steam discharge nozzles opening out into said fire box remote from said air nozzles.

4. The combination with a boiler comprising a fire box and a grate therein, of a plurality of air pipes extending beneath said grate nozzles attached to the outlet ends of said pipes and opening out into the fire box at its outlet end, said nozzles having their outlet ends flared and flattened to cause the air to issue in flat fan like streams, means for supplying air to said pipes under pressure, relatively small pipes extending longitudinally in said air pipes and having conneotion With a steam supply source to permit heating of the air during its passage through the pipes and prior to its entrance into the fire box, said air pipes provided with a plurality of openings at longitudinally spaced points, adapted to discharge air upwardly through said grate, and sliding valves for controlling said openings.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

WILLIAM PETERSEN. 

